Constitutional research / File 07
Amendment VII
Explore jury trials in civil cases at common law and the rules on reexamining a jury's findings.
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Amendment VII
Ratified December 15, 1791
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
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16 local PDFs for this amendment, with source details and a direct download for each. Start with an overview or follow a case.
16 documents in this file
Supreme Court of the United States
The jury-trial right for SEC securities-fraud civil penalties and limits of the public-rights exception. Official slip opinion; consult final publication and later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Review of damages awards, federalism, and the Reexamination Clause. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Patent claim construction and the respective roles of judge and jury. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Distinguishing legal and equitable relief in a fair-representation suit. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Jury-trial rights in fraudulent-transfer actions in bankruptcy. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Civil penalties and the division of responsibility between judge and jury. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Offensive issue preclusion and the civil jury-trial right. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
The public-rights context for administrative civil penalties; consult later decisions for current limits. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Jury trials for damages under a federal civil-rights statute. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
The constitutionality of six-person civil juries in federal court. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
The civil jury right in shareholder derivative actions. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Federal law governing characterization of claims for civil jury-trial purposes. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
The jury-trial right when legal and equitable claims appear together. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Preserving jury determination of legal issues alongside equitable claims. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
Additur and the Seventh Amendment limits on changing a jury award. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
Supreme Court of the United States / Library of Congress
The civil jury guarantee and limits on reexamining jury-found facts. Read as a historical decision alongside later authorities.
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